Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokulahleka kokuwohloka, ngakumbi kule miba ilandelayo:
1. Impembelelo yemathiriyeli ekrwada
Ingaba i-samente esetyenzisiweyo kunye ne-ejenti yokupompa ihambelana kwaye ilungelelaniswe kufuneka ifunyanwe ngovavanyo lokulungelelanisa.Elona nani liphezulu le-arhente yokumpompa kufuneka limiselwe ngovavanyo lokuziqhelanisa nezinto zesamente.Ubungakanani bezinto zokungenisa umoya kunye nokubuyisela umva kwi-arhente yokupompa kunempembelelo enkulu ekulahlekeni kwekhonkrithi.Ukuba kukho izinto ezininzi zokungenisa umoya kunye nokunciphisa, ukulahleka kwekhonkrithi kuya kuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle koko ilahleko iya kukhawuleza.Ilahleko yokudilika kwekhonkrithi elungiselelwe nge-superplasticizer esekwe kwi-naphthalene iyakhawuleza, kwaye ilahleko iyacotha xa ubushushu obuphantsi obulungileyo bungaphantsi kuka +5 °C.
Ukuba i-anhydrite isetyenziswe njenge-modifier yokumisela kwi-samente, ukulahleka kwe-slump yekhonkrithi kuya kukhawuleziswa, kwaye icandelo lamandla okuqala le-C3A kwi-samente liphezulu.Ukuba "R" uhlobo lwesamente lusetyenzisiweyo, ukucolwa kwesamente kuhle kakhulu, kwaye ixesha lokumisa i-samente likhawuleza, njl njl. Kuya kubangela ukulahleka kwe-slump yekhonkrithi ukukhawuleza, kwaye isantya sokulahleka kwekhonkrithi sihambelana nomgangatho kunye ubungakanani bezinto ezixutywe kwisamente.Umxholo we-C3A kwisamente kufuneka ube phakathi kwe-4% ukuya kwi-6%.Xa umxholo ungaphantsi kwe-4%, i-air-entraining and retarder components kufuneka iyancipha, ngaphandle koko ikhonkrithi ayiyi kuqina ixesha elide.Xa umxholo weC3A uphezulu kune-7%, kufuneka unyuswe.Icandelo le-air-entraining retarder, ngaphandle koko liya kubangela ukulahlekelwa ngokukhawuleza kwekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi okanye isiganeko sobuxoki.
Isiqulatho sodaka kunye nesiqulatho sebloko sodaka lwe-aggregates erhabaxa kunye necolekileyo esetyenziswa kwikhonkrithi idlula umgangatho, kwaye umxholo wamasuntswana enaliti enaliti etyunyuziweyo udlula umgangatho, oya kubangela ilahleko yokudilika kwekhonkrithi ikhawuleze.Ukuba i-aggregate erhabaxa inezinga eliphezulu lokufunxa kwamanzi, ngakumbi ilitye elityumkileyo elisetyenzisiweyo, emva kokuvezwa kubushushu obuphezulu ngexesha lobushushu obuphezulu behlobo, xa lithe lafakwa kumxube, liya kutsala amanzi amaninzi ngexeshana elifutshane. ixesha, okukhokelela ekulahlekeni okukhawulezileyo kwekhonkrithi ngexesha elifutshane (30min).
2. Impembelelo yenkqubo yokuvuselela
Inkqubo yokuxuba ikhonkrithi nayo ichaphazela ilahleko ye-slump yekhonkrithi.Imodeli yomxube kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuxuba kuhambelana.Ngoko ke, umxube kufuneka ulungiswe rhoqo kwaye iintambo zokuxuba kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo.Ixesha lokuxuba ikhonkrithi akufanele libe ngaphantsi kwe-30s.Ukuba ingaphantsi kwe-30s, ukudilika kwekhonkrithi akuzinzanga, okukhokelela kwilahleko yokudilika okukhawulezileyo.
3. Iziphumo zobushushu
Impembelelo yobushushu ekulahlekeni kokudilika kwekhonkrithi yeyona nto ixhalabisayo.Ehlotyeni elishushu, xa amaqondo obushushu engaphezulu kwama-25°C okanye ngaphezulu kwe-30°C, ilahleko yokuthotywa kwekhonkrithi iya kukhawuleziswa ngaphezu kwe-50% xa kuthelekiswa noko kuma-20°C.Xa iqondo lokushisa lingaphantsi kwe +5 ° C, ilahleko yekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi iya kuba yincinci kakhulu okanye ingalahleki..Ngoko ke, ngexesha lokuvelisa kunye nokwakhiwa kwekhonkrithi ephonsiweyo, qaphela ingqalelo kwimpembelelo yokushisa komoya kwi-slump yekhonkrithi.
Ukushisa okuphezulu kokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziluhlaza kuya kubangela ukuba ikhonkrithi inyuke kwiqondo lokushisa kwaye ikhawuleze ilahleko ye-slump.Ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka ukuba ubushushu bokukhutshwa kwekhonkrithi bube phakathi kwe-5 ~ 35 ℃, ngaphaya kolu luhlu lwamaqondo obushushu, kuyimfuneko ukuthatha amanyathelo obugcisa ahambelanayo, njengokongeza amanzi abandayo, amanzi omkhenkce, amanzi aphantsi komhlaba ukupholisa kunye nokufudumeza amanzi kunye nokufudumala kwamanzi. sebenzisa ubushushu bemathiriyeli ekrwada njalo njalo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kuyafuneka ukuba ubushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza besamente nemixube bungabi ngaphezulu kwe-50 °C, kwaye iqondo lobushushu lokusebenza lamanzi okufudumeza ampontshelwe ngekhonkrithi ebusika akufunekanga libe ngaphezulu kwama-40 °C.Kukho i-coagulation state yobuxoki kwi-mixer, kwaye kunzima ukuphuma kumatshini okanye ukuyihambisa kwindawo yokukhulula.
Ukuphakama kweqondo lokushisa kwezixhobo ze-cementitious ezisetyenzisiweyo, mbi kakhulu umphumo wokunciphisa amanzi wamacandelo okunciphisa amanzi kwi-arhente yokumpompa kwiplastiki yekhonkrithi, kwaye ngokukhawuleza ilahleko yekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi.Ubushushu bekhonkrithi bulingana nelahleko yokudilika, kwaye ilahleko yokudilika inokufikelela malunga ne-20-30mm xa ikhonkrithi inyuka nge-5-10℃.
4. Amanqanaba amandla
Ilahleko yokudilika kwekhonkrithi inxulumene nenqanaba lamandla ekhonkrithi.Ilahleko yokudilika kwekhonkrithi enomgangatho ophezulu ikhawuleza ngakumbi kunekhonkrithi yomgangatho ophantsi, kwaye ilahleko yekhonkrithi yamatye etyumkileyo ikhawuleza kunoko ikhonkrithi yengqalutye.Esona sizathu sikukuba inxulumene nesixa sesamente ngeyunithi.
5. Isimo sekhonkrithi
Ikhonkrithi ngokwezibalo ilahlekelwa kukuwohloka ngokukhawuleza kunokuguquka.Kwimeko eguquguqukayo, ikhonkrithi iqhubeka ishukunyiswa, ukwenzela ukuba amacandelo okunciphisa amanzi kwi-agent agent ayikwazi ukusabela ngokupheleleyo kwi-samente, ethintela inkqubela ye-cement hydration, ukwenzela ukuba ukulahleka kwe-slump kuncinci;kwimeko ye-static, amacandelo okunciphisa amanzi adibanisa ngokupheleleyo ne-samente, Inkqubo ye-cement hydration ikhawuleza, ngoko ukulahleka kwekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi ikhawuleza.
6. Oomatshini bothutho
Umgama omde wothutho kunye nexesha lelori yomxube wekhonkrithi, amanzi amancinci asimahla eklinka yekhonkrithi ngenxa yokusabela kweekhemikhali, ukuphuphuma kwamanzi, ukufunxwa kwamanzi kwi-aggregate kunye nezinye izizathu, okukhokelela ekulahlekeni kwekhonkrithi ngokuhamba kwexesha.Umphanda ukwabangela ilahleko yodaka, ekwangunobangela obalulekileyo wolahleko lwekhonkrithi.
7. Thela isantya kunye nexesha
Kwinkqubo yokugalela ikhonkrithi, ixesha elide lokuba i-clinker yekhonkrithi ifikelele kumphezulu we-silo, ukucutha ngokukhawuleza kwamanzi asimahla kwi-clinker yekhonkrithi ngenxa yokusabela kweekhemikhali, ukuphuphuma kwamanzi, ukufunxwa kwamanzi kunye nezinye izizathu, okukhokelela ekulahlekeni kwe-slump. ., ngakumbi xa ikhonkrithi ibonakaliswe kwi-conveyor yebhanti, indawo yoqhagamshelwano phakathi kwendawo kunye nendalo yangaphandle inkulu, kwaye amanzi aphuphuma ngokukhawuleza, enempembelelo enkulu ekulahlekeni kwe-slump yekhonkrithi.Ngokomlinganiselo wangempela, xa ubushushu bomoya bumalunga ne-25℃, ilahleko ye-concrete ye-concrete kwisiza inokufikelela kwi-4cm phakathi kwesiqingatha seyure.
Ixesha lokugalela ikhonkrithi lihlukile, elikwangunobangela obalulekileyo wokulahleka kwekhonkrithi.Impembelelo incinci ekuseni nangokuhlwa, kwaye impembelelo inkulu emini nasemva kwemini.Iqondo lobushushu kusasa nangokuhlwa liphantsi, ukuphuphuma kwamanzi kuyacotha, kwaye iqondo lobushushu emva kwemini nasemva kwemini liphezulu.Okukhona ukuguquguquka nokumanyana, kokukhona kunzima ukuqinisekisa umgangatho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-01-2022